Steven Mullaney stood down from the role in October and following confirmation Haseeb Hameed will lead the red-ball side, Clarke has been given the reigns in the shortest format
Notts Outlaws will be led by Joe Clarke in the T20 Blast from 2024.
Part of the victorious 2020 squad, the 27-year-old succeeds Steven Mullaney who stood down as County Championship and T20 captain in October.
Haseeb Hameed was confirmed as the red-ball skipper alongside his role in the One-Day Cup earlier this week.
Clarke has played 63 T20s for Notts, scoring 1,764 runs at 30.41, with a top score of 136 against Northamptonshire Steelbacks in 2021.
Clarke was part of the Outlaws group which scooped the 2020 title (Alex Davidson/Getty Images)
Such consistency for the Trent Bridge club has earned him opportunities in the men's Hundred, Pakistan Super League, Big Bash League and International League T20.
"To be offered the captaincy is a huge honour," Clarke, whose first assignment as skipper will come against Northants on May 31, said. "Getting the chance to represent this club is one thing, but to lead this side in the Vitality Blast is something I could never turn down.
"It's a very talented group with experience and some new faces. There will be opportunities for different lads to stake a claim and that competition for places is definitely going to help drive us on."
The ex-Worcestershire player is a regular on the franchise circuit (ARIF ALI/AFP via Getty Images)
Head coach Peter Moores added: "We have a good record in T20 cricket having made the knockout stages 12 times in the last 14 years, but we need to evolve to maintain that record and push for silverware.
"We’re confident Joe is the man to help us in that transition; he has clear ideas to help us improve as a side and his character and energy will help integrate new faces into the squad.
"He has proven himself as one of the best white-ball batters in world cricket in recent seasons, learning from some of the best short format players around.
"His aggressive and dynamic approach suits the way we want to play and we’re excited by the opportunities which lay ahead for Joe and the group."